Karate-do is the philosophical and spiritual aspect of Karate, emphasizing that it is not just a physical practice but also a way of life. The term "Karate-do" translates to "the way of the empty hand," suggesting a lifelong journey of personal development through the practice of Karate and its focus on unarmed combat and self-defense techniques. "Kara" means "empty”, “Te” means “hand," and “Do” means "the way" or "the path." In regular conversation, Karate-do is often just referred to as Karate.
The origins of Karate can be traced back to Okinawa, an island located between Japan and China. It developed as a unique martial art form influenced by both Chinese martial arts and native Okinawan fighting techniques.The indigenous martial art of Okinawa, simply called "Te," was a form of unarmed combat practiced by the local people.
Different styles of Karate began to emerge in Okinawa, each with its unique characteristics. Gichin Funakoshi, often called the "Father of Modern Karate," introduced Karate to mainland Japan. He modified and formalized the practice, making it more accessible and aligning it with the Japanese martial tradition. Funakoshi established Shotokan, one of the first major styles of Karate, and promoted Karate as both a martial art and a way of life, focusing on physical and mental discipline.
Karateka, or people who practice Karate-do, train for many reasons: Self defense, a competitive sport, and a means of physical and mental development. Karate-do is more than just learning to fight; it is a holistic approach to life. By training the body, refining the mind, and nurturing the spirit, karateka seek to achieve mastery over themselves, contributing to a balanced and fulfilling life. The ultimate goal of Karate-do is not victory over others but the perfection of character and the realization of one's potential.
Karate-do has since evolved into a global martial art, practiced by millions of people around the world, and continues to honor its roots and traditions.
Karate is one type of martial art, and Shotokan is one type of Karate. The name “Shotokan” was taken from the Japanese word “shoto” which means "pine-waves". Master Funakoshi chose this for his pen name as it reminded him of the sound the wind made in the pines on Mount Torao, where he would go to meditate. The word “torao” means "tiger's tail.” The mountain was called this because it resembled a tiger's tail from a distance. The tiger symbol of the Shotokan school is reminiscent of this special place. The word "kan," means "hall" or "place," and reflects the style's philosophical and physical roots.
Shotokan Karate focuses on developing physical and mental discipline. It emphasizes powerful linear movements, strong stances, and body mechanics. Karateka practice to perfect their techniques through repetition, aiming for precision, speed, and control. The philosophy of Shotokan includes the principles of respect, humility, and perseverance, with a strong emphasis on self-improvement and the ethical use of martial skills.
Beginner practitioners use a combination of punches, kicks, knee strikes, elbow strikes, and open-hand techniques to defend themselves and counter opponents. Advanced practitioners also use chokes, strangulations, takedowns, and joint locks.
“The ultimate aim of karate lies not in victory nor defeat, but in the perfection of the character of its participants” — Gichin Funakoshi